Because human being is a two-dimensional creature, the existence of requirements for both dimensions can’t be ignored in the society materially and spiritually. Even, the lack of harmony in meeting the requirements these two dimensions causes various problems for human beings in the society. During history, ignoring and even the lack of balance in defining human beings in various societies causes for various intellectual schools to be created like Communism and liberalism.
Consequently, if various requirements of human beings in the society aren’t paid attention particularly Spiritual and mental and cognitive dimensions, it will definitely create cognitive and cultural defaults in the society. So, this part of society will seek methods for meeting it. So, it can be said that one of the main factors in tendency towards the cults is providing the material and spiritual-mental needs.
For example, during Qajar dynasty and Fath Ali Shah’s government Several wars happened between the Czar Russia and Iran which were ended in the failure of Iran in these wars. Even, some regions of the north of Iran were confiscated by the Russians. The failure in these wars would ended in a kind of humiliation, poverty, hunger and illness for the Iranian people and created the facilities for a kind of introversion and withdrawal from social affairs among people of all walks of life in the Community.
Because in these wars the religious Scholars had issued Jihad order and the Iranian troops failed, this issue caused a Spiritual and mental disillusionment inside the country and community and people were seeking to solve this problem. Some people who had gained religious sciences knew this issue and posed the discussion of succession of Imam of the Time by themselves and some people turned to them because they were Shias which provided the opportunity for the establishment of Sheikism, Babism and Baha’ism cults. That is, it should be said that one of the most basic reasons of forming Baha’ism in Iran as the cradle of this deviant cult is its religious sociology background.
Now, if the weakness in religious spirit and the existence of cognitive cultural gaps are considered as one of the most basic grounds for the formation of cults and are analyzed in the community, clear results will be acquired: growth and strengthening religious spirit and the Islamic values in society will cause cognitive and cult- gaps to be filled. Now, if martyrs and martyrdom are considered as the highest and the most valuable part of manifestation and the emergence of deep, religious spirit in the Islamic community, each researcher will conclude that the application of martyr and martyrdom can remove spiritual gaps of people of all walks of life. So, master Morteza Motahhari says: “Martyrs are candles of humanity assembly. They lit humanity assembly by their lightning.”
For this reason, the role of martyrs is so serious in preventing people to be recruited by the cults. Martyrs can manifest the reality of the world for people. It should be said that the most valuable and highest thing is life and dignity for human being, so a martyr manifests the main and real conscience of humanity by bestowing his soul. Martyr shouts the main origin of spirituality and the divine knowledge and the falsehood of all non-divine gnosticism.
